This bundle includes two Formula Review Guides:
- Formula Review Guide Part 1: Native Valves and Intracardiac Pressures
- NEW - Formula Review Guide Part 2: Ultrasound Physics, Valve Prosthesis, Hemodynamics, Diastology, and Congenital Defects
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Part 1 includes the following topics:
- Aortic Regurgitation: Flow Convergence Method (PISA)
- Aortic Regurgitation: Continuity Method
- Aortic Stenosis
- Mitral Regurgitation: Flow Convergence Method (PISA)
- Mitral Regurgitation: Continuity Method
- Mitral Stenosis
- Pulmonic Stenosis
- Pulmonic Regurgitation
- Tricuspid Regurgitation: Flow Convergence Method (PISA)
- Tricuspid Stenosis
- Heart Pressures
Authors:
Akhil Narang, MD (Chair); Gerard Aurigemma, MD, FASE;
Nadia El Hangouche, MD; Kalie Kebed, MD; Roberto M. Lang, MD, FASE;
Steven Lester, MD, FASE; Hemalatha Narayanasamy, MBBS, MD;
Matthew W. Parker, MD, FASE; Brent White, MD.
Part 2 includes the following topics:
- Principles of Waves and Sound
- Principles of Flow, Energy, and Doppler
- Aortic Valve Prosthesis
- Mitral Valve Prosthesis
- Prosthetic Valve Dysfunction
- Aortic Valve Prosthesis-Patient Mismatch
- Periprosthetic Aortic Valve Regurgitation
- Right Heart Hemodynamics
- Left Heart Hemodynamics
- Assessing Left Ventricular Diastolic Function
- Categorizing Abnormal LV Diastolic Function
- Atrial Septal Defect
- Ventricular Septal Defect
- Patent Ductus Arteriosus
- Coarctation of the Aorta
- Fontan Circulation
- Types and Location of Ventricular Septal Defects
Authors:
Akhil Narang, MD, FASE (Chair); Jared Bird, MD;
Benjamin W. Eidem, MD, FASE; Graham Lohmann, MD;
Rekha Mankad, MD, FASE; Ram Rohatgi, MD;
Amita Singh, MD; Roberto M. Lang, MD, FASE